Wasu daga cikin muhimman ranaku a tarihin Najeriya

Yayin da miliyoyin ‘yan Najeriya ke kada kuri’a yau asabar domin zabo shugaban da zai gaji Muhammadu Buhari dake kawo karshen wa’adin mulkinsa na shekaru 8, mun yi waiwaye adon tafiya domin duba wasu daga cikin abubuwan da suka dauke hankalin kasar bayan karbar mulki daga Turawan mulkin mallakar Birtaniya a shekarar 1960. 

Wasu 'yan Najeriya. REUTERS - MOLLY DARLINGTON

Wasu daga cikin wadannan abubuwa sun taimaka gaya wajen dakile ci gaban kasar da kuma yi mata dabaibayin da har ya zuwa wannan lokaci bata iya samun kanta ba. 

A shekarar 1966, an samu juyin mulkin soji wanda ya kawar da gwamnatin farar hula ta Dr Nnamdi Azikiwe da Firaminista Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, abinda wasu masana ke kallo a matsayin babban targaden da ya dakushe Jamhuriya ta farko da kuma kawar da shugabannin da ake ganin sun fi amana da kishin kasa. 

A shekarar 1967 sakamakon juyin mulkin farko da aka hallaka akasarin shugabannin gwamnatin da suka fito daga yankin arewacin kasar, an samu barkewar yakin basasa na shekaru 3 wanda ya kai ga rasa mutane sama da miliyan guda, akasarinsu ‘yan kabilar Igbo sakamakon yakin da yunwa da kuma cututtuka. 

Bayan sojoji sun jagoranci gwamnatin kasar a karkashin Janar Yakubu Gowon da Murtala Muhammed da kuma Olusegun Obasanjo, an gudanar da zabe a shekarar 1979 wanda ya kaiga mika mulki ga gwamnatin farar hula ta Alhaji Shehu Usman Aliyu Shagari a karkashin Jamhuriya ta 2, ya kuma jagoranci kasar har zuwa lokacin da sojoji suka masa juyin mulki a shekarar 1983 wajen kawo Janar Muhammadu Buhari a karagar mulki. 

Bayan watanni 18, Janar Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida ya kawar da Buhari inda ya karbi ragamar mulkin kasar har zuwa shekarar 1993 lokacin da ya sauka, ya kuma kafa gwamnatin rikon kwarya ta Ernest Shonekan, bayan soke zaben da duniya ta amince cewar Chief MKO Abiola ne ya lashe shi. 

Watanni bayan nada Shonekan a shekarar 1993, Janar Sani Abacha ya karbe ragamar mulkin Najeriya, abinda ya kaiga kasashen yammacin duniya sun kakabawa kasar takunkumin karya tattalin arziki da kuma mayar da ita saniyar ware. 

Janar Abacha ya dada bakin jini a kasashen duniya lokacin da ya sa aka hallaka marubuci kuma mai fafutukar kare muhalli Ken Saro Wiwa sakamakon rikicin da aka samu a yankin Ogoni. 

Bayan rasuwar Abacha a shekarar 1998, Janar Abdusalami Abubakar ya karbi ragamar mulki inda ya shirya zaben da ya haifar da wannan sabuwar dimokiradiyar da kasar ke cin gajiyarsa, inda aka zabi shugaba Olusegun Obasanjo ya zama shugaban kasa na farko a wannan tafiyar. 

Wasu daga cikin abubuwan da aka gani daga shekara ta 2000 zuwa yanzu, sun hada da matakin da wasu jihohi 12 dake yankin arewacin kasar suka dauka na kafa shari’ar Musulunchi wadda ta gamu da suka daga ciki da wajen kasar. 

A shekarar 2009, lokacin mulkin shugaba Umaru Musa Yar’Adua an samu bullar kungiyar boko haram wadda tace tana fafutukar kafa kasar Islama a Najeriya, abinda ya kai ta arangama da jami’an tsaron kasar, matakin da yayi sanadiyar mutuwar mutane sama da dubu 30 da kuma raba sama da miliyan 2 da muhallinsu. 

A shekarar 2016, kungiyar ta dare gida biyu, inda aka samu kungiyar ISWAP daga cikin ta, kuma jifa jifa akan samu arangama a tsakanin su. 

A yankin arewa maso yamma, an samu bullowar ‘yan bindiga barayin shanu dake kai hari suna kwace dabbobi, abinda ya kaiga gawurtar su da kuma mamaye yankunan jihohin Zamfara da Katsina da Neja da kuma Kaduna. 

Wadannan ‘yan bindiga sun yi sanadiyar hallaka rayukan dubban mutane, abinda ya kaiga gwamnatin ta ayyana su a matsayin ‘yan ta’adda. 

A wannan tsakani ne kuma aka samu masu fafutukar kafa kasar Biafra da ake kira IPOB a karkashin Nnamdi Kanu wadanda suka zafafa hare haren su a yankin kudu maso gabas, rikicin da yayi sanadiyar rasa dimbin rayuka da kuma damke shugabansu wanda yanzu haka yake tsare a hannun hukumar tsaron farin kaya ta DSS, bayan kamo shi da aka yi a kasar Kenya lokacin da ya gudu daga belin da aka bashi. 

A shekarar 2015 shugaba Muhammadu Buhari ya samu nasarar kayar da Goodluck Jonathan a zabe, yayin da ya sake samun wa’adi na 2 a shekarar 2019. 

A watan Oktobar shekarar 2020 Najeriya ta gamu da tashin hankali mafi muna sakamakon zanga zangar matasa wadanda suke korafi akan yadda ‘yan sanda ke cin zarafin su, wadda aka yiwa suna da ENDSARS. 

Lokacin zanga zangar an samu arangama, inda matasan suka yi ta kai hari akan ofisoshin jami’an tsaro, yayin da sojoji suka hallaka mutane 11 cikin harda wadanda aka bude wuta a hanyar Lekki dake Lagos. 

A shekarar da ta gabata, Najeriya ta gamu da ambaliya mafi muni wanda yayi sanadiyar hallaka mutane sama da 600 da kuma lalata kadarori da dama.